Rotary motor and pump.



C. N'SIMPSON.

ROTARY MOTOR AND PUMP.

APPLlcATloN min mwst. |916.

Pamemmd Dec.. Ill, 19W.

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`= f1 rl; ES SIMIPSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVNM ROTARY MOTOR AND PUMP.

Specification of Letters-Patent. I lllmtmtdl Dai-31B.. 1.1L, 191W..

Application nleol July 31, 1916. Serial lto. 112,219.

tain new and useful Improvements in Ro` tary Motors and lPumps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andl exact description ofthe invention, such will enable others skilled in the art to which`y faces of the piston head 12 closely engage it appe'rtains to make and use the same.

The invention relates to rotary motors and pumps, involving a piston chamber and a rotary piston head mounted therein provided with sliding pistons which engage the wall of the piston chamber, and the invention has for its object to provide simple and ehcient means for introducing pressure behind the sliding pistons to hold the same in Huid-tight contact with the chamber walls. The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which v Figure 1 is a front elevation of a rotary pump involving the novel features of construction and operation, the front face plate being removed; p

, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on line 2--2 of Fig. 1; an

Fig. 3 is avperspective detail of the sliding pistons.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates a generally cylindrical piston chamber rovided with a base 2, the body portion o the chamber being preferably of substantially annular form and having a front closure plate 3 attached thereto by screws 4, or. the like, and a rear closure plate 5 provided with a rear extension 8 which forms a journal bearing for the shaft carryin the rotor member. Cheek plate 5 is pre erably secured to the adjacent face ofthe body portion 1 by means of bolts 7 which .pass through elongated slots 6 which admitpf the plate 5 being adjusted vertically with respect to the body portion 1 to compensate for wear.

Formed in the upper portion of the body portion l are ports 10'and 11 which serve to admit and exhaust the. fluid medium which acts upon or is acted upon by the rotary pistons. j

Mounted eccentrically within the piston chamber is a rotary piston head 12, which as indicated, is tangent to the inner wall of the piston chamber at the upper portion thereof and said piston head, which is preferably formed as an integral casting, is provided with two stepped shoulders 13, which engage complemental shoulders on the inner face of. the face plate 5 and which serve as an efficient means for preventing the escape of fluid pressure through the journal bearing. It will be understood that the lateral the inner surfaces of the face plates 3 and 5 to form substantially a Huid-tight joint. The piston head is mounted on the end of a shaft 14 journaled in the bearing 8, and said shaft isv provided with the usual pulley or gear (not shown) through which power may be applied to or taken from the rotary piston head, as will be understood.

In the form of the apparatus shown, the piston head 12is provided with a diametrical slot 15, which slot is adapted to receive two radially sliding pistons 16 and 16', each of which is provided at its -outer end with a packing strip, 18, 18', of liber or similar material, which engages the inner wall of the piston chamber 1. The lateral vertical edges of the sliding piston 16, 16 contact with the inner-walls of the face plates 3 and 5. In order to insure ehicient operation of the machine, whether the same be emp'loyed as a fluid pressure motor or as a pump, it is necessary that the outer ends of the sliding pistons be held in fluid-tight vcontact with the walls of the piston chamber, and to eiect this result, each of the pistons 16, 16 is provided with a channel 1 7, 17 running longitudinally through the body thereof and the outer ends of said channels are so proportioned and arranged that when the piston is projected materially beyond the periphery of the rotary piston head, the end of the channel will be gradually uncovered to admit fluid pressure behind the slidingpistons, and as the pistons are retracted or withdrawn within the piston head, theopen ends of the channels will be gradually closed, and when finally closed will trap the fluid under pressure therein, so that further relative movement of the sliding pistons will increase the pressure of the entrapped fluid and thereby increase the force with which the sliding pistons are pressed into engagement with the walls of the piston chamber. rllhe combined length lthe like, which is provided with a perforation registering with the channels 17 and 17', and which, therefore, permits the fluid pressure to be applied to the rear of both of the pistons. The channels 17, 17 may be formed in any appropriate manner and,

obviously, multiple alining channels may be provided in each piston if such are found necessary and desirable. In the particular formV of the channels shown in the exemplary machine, said channels are formed by longitudinal bores having angular' end portions which are adapted to be covered and uncovered by the movement of the pistons toward and from the center of the p1ston head. i

The operation of the machine is as follows. Assuming the machine to be employed as a pump for air or other compressible fluid, When rotary motion is imparted to the piston head 12, in the direction of the arrow, the fluid will be drawn in through the inlet 10, following the movement of the right-,hand piston 16. Said piston 16, due to the eccentric relation of the piston head 12 and the vpiston chamber 1, moves outward and during such outward movement, uncovers the end of the channel 17, thereby admitting the pressure on the forward side of the piston into the channels 17 and 17 vof the respective pistons, which pressure serves to hold the packing trips 18, 18 firmly against the Walls of" the piston chamber, and as the rotary motion continues, both pistons are forced inwardly radially of the piston head and the outlet` of the channel 17 is closed, thereby trapping the fiuid under pressure in the channels of the pistons, and between the inner ends of the pistons, and as said pistons are forced to their ultimate inner'positions, as illustrated in full lines in Fig. 1, the pressure of the trapped fluid will be increased somewhat lin-excess of thepressure on the exhaust side of the pump, thereby insuring a predominance of the pressure tending to' forcethe packing strips of the pistons against the chamber Walls. As the pistons and the channels therein are symmetrically disposed with the outlets of they channels opening in opposite directions, it will be obvious that each of the channels is alternately opened and closed by the walls ofthe slot'in the piston head 12, during each revolution of the piston head, so that at all times the pistons are subjected to sufficient pressure to hold the outer ends thereof into fluid-tight engagement with the wall of the piston chamber.

When the apparatus is used as a motor instead of a pump, it is necessary only to either reverse the relation of the channels in the pistons 1G and 1G', or to reverse the arrangement of the inlet and exhaust ports, so that the fiuid under pressure entering the motor will enter the channel on the rear face of the intake piston and immediately exercise sufficient pressure on both pistons to force them outwardly, as described, and hold the packing strips 18 firmly in engagement with the chamber Walls.

What I claim is 1. In anmachine of the class described, the combination with a piston'chamber having inlet and outlet ports, of a rotary piston head mounted ecccntrically in said chamber, and pistons slidably mounted in said head and engaging the wall of the cham,4

ber, each of said pistons having a channel passing through the body thereof and adapted to communicate with the chamber to admit fluid pressure behind the pistons, said pistons being operable upon the rotation of the piston head to increase said fiuid ressure.

2. n a machine of the class described, the combination with a piston chamber having inlet and outlet ports, of a rotary piston head lmounted eccentrically therein, and pistons slidably mounted in said head and engaging the wall of the chamber, each of said pistons having a channel through the bodythereof to admit fluid pressure behind the pistons, the said pistons being simultaneously movable into the piston head to cover said channels whereby the fluid pressure behind the same is increased.

3. In a machine of the class described, the combinationwith a cylindrical piston chainber having inlet and outlet ports, of a rotary piston head mounted eccentrically therein, and pistons arranged diametrically opposite to each other and slidable in said head, said pistons having communicating channels which open adjacent to the outer ends of the pistons, the sliding movement of said pistons being sufficient to move the pistons into the head to such an extent that the channels in the pistons are alternately opened and closed.

4. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a cylindrical piston chamber having inlet and outlet orts, of a rotary piston head mountedp eccentrically therein, opposed pistons slidably vmounted in said head and engaging the wall of the chamber, said pistons having communicating channels therein which open adjacent to the ends of the pistons and are adapted to be alternately covered and uncovered by the head during the rotation of the same, said pistons being simultaneously movable into the piston head to increase the fluid pressure behind the same.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a cylindrical piston chainmiauw l;

`ber having inletl and outlet ports, of a rotary beyond the face of the piston to admit fluid piston head mounted eccentrcally therein, pressure behind the pistons and movable to alined pistons slidable in said head and ensimultaneously close the ends of the ohanl0 gaging the Wall of the chamber, each of nels to increase said fluid pressure.

5 said pistons having a `channel therein, said ln testimony whereof l afix my signature.

pistons being movable in the head during its rotation to project the ends of the channels CHARLES K. SliMPSON. 

